Urban areas worldwide face escalating levels of air pollution primarily attributed to vehicular traffic, which typically contributes 20-30% of particulate matter. Vehicular activities are often concentrated in core city areas due to more economic opportunities, exacerbating air quality issues worsened by poor infrastructure in these areas. To address these concerns and support national initiatives like the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), strategies such as implementing Low Emission Zones (LEZs) have gained prominence.

Initially introduced in Sweden in 1996, LEZs have been adopted globally under various names such as “environment zones” in Germany, “restricted traffic zones” in France, “clean air zones” in London, and “electric vehicles-only areas” in India. Each implementation tailors criteria to local needs, specifying designated regions, operational times, permissible vehicle types, and plans for gradually expanding restrictions.

In India, where air pollution is a serious concern, adopting an LEZ strategy in old core city areas holds significance. These zones would restrict access to vehicles with higher emissions, improve infrastructure to promote active mobility, and reduce pollutants harmful to public health and the environment. This strategy not only aligns with national efforts but also addresses regulatory mandates aimed at enhancing local air quality and fostering a healthier environment and better quality of life for residents, thereby supporting long-term sustainable development goals.